Process of generating gas



J. H REID PROCESS OF GENERATING GAS Filed March 25 March 11 1924.

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Patented Mar. it, 122%.

rams Emil REID, U33 READSBORO, VERMGHT, AEQIGNR T rurmtnarronar.LNZTRGGEQ' GOMPAIN'Y, 0F CLEVELAND, 011110, A CQRPORATEION 0E DHJAW'ABE.

PROCESS OF GENERATING- GAS.

Application filed .tiareh e5, 1920. Serial are. scarce.

To all whom it may comm:

Be it known that I, JAMns HENRY Run), a citizen of thelUnited States,residing at Readsboro, in thecounty of Bennington and State of Vermont,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes ofGeneratingGas, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying draw- Inge.

This invention relates to a process of making gas and has for itsgeneral object to produce a maximum quantity of gas or gaseous mixtureof a heating and illuminating value useful in the arts from a givenquantity of distillable carbonaceous material, such as bituminous coal;also to produce a new gas or gaseous mixture possessing such values.

In the drawing forming part hereof, Fig. 1 represents a somewhatdiagrammatical view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of an aparatus by means of which my process may e realized; and Fig. 2represents a sectional plan view corresponding to the line 2-2 of Fig.l.

Describing the various parts by reference characters, 1 denotes theshell or casing of a water as generator having in the bottom thereor arotary conical grate 2 and provided at its top with a gas flue 3 and afilling connection 4 having a cover 5.

From the lower portion of the casing there projects a plurality ofcharging conduits 6 each having a hop er 7 and a screw conve or 8 whichmay be driven by a pulley 9; The conduits extend downwardly from thecasing 1 substantially parallel with the conical surface of the grate 2.

10 denotes a suitable source of supply for acetylene, which source maybe a generator of any approved standard construction from which a pipe11 leads to a hollow ring 12 surrounding the lower portion of the generator casing and communicating therewith at various points, as by shorttubes 13. A valve 14 serves to control the flow of acetylene to saidring and thence to the lower portion of the generator casing.

Adjacent to the ring 12, and conveniently surrounding the same, is ahollow ring 15 provided with injector nozzles 16 which extend across thering 12 and into the outer ends of the tubes 13. Communicating with thering 15 is a pipe having a valve 18 and by means of Whlch steam may besupplied at any desired pressure to said ring. Surrounding {the casing 1is a third ring 19 having short tubes 20 extending therefrom into theinterior of the casing 1. lhis last mentioned ring is provided with asupply pipe 21 for air, said pipe having a valve 22.

In the practice of my process, the generator is first charged with cokethrough the connection 4, and this charge is kindled, supplying airthrough the tubes 20, if necessary, to facilitate the kindlingoperation. When the coke has become incandescent, acetylene may beinjected into the glowing mass by means of the steam nozzles 16. Thesteam, passing through the incandescent coke, tends to produce watergas, but this reaction occurs in the presence of acetylene. As a result,a recombination is eiiected, producing a gas or gaseous mixturedifi'ering from either the water gas or the acetylene and possessinghigh illuminating and heat-unit values. Before the coke is completelyconsumed and while it is still in an incandescent condition, I introducethrough one or more of the conduits 6, beneath the top of the coke, amixture of finely divided distillable carbonaceous material with afinely divided substance capable of breaking up into gases the tarry andoily constituents of the carbonaceous material and of subsequentlycooperating with the resultant coke for the joint production therewithof a gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In practice, l haveused for the carbonaceous material bituminous coal reduced to a finenessof about eight mesh and for the cooperating substance calcium carbonatein the commercial form of limestone reduced to a fineness of about fortymesh. The intimate mixture of coal and limestone, in the proportion ofapproximately 60 to parts by weight, respectively, is fed from thehoppers 8 into the producer above the grate 2 and, at the beginning ofthe operation, into the incandescent coke. As the o eration proceeds,there will be a layer of glbwing coke at the top of the producer andsome ashes on the grate, the intervening space being occupied by themixture of coal and limestone. In the drawing, the coke layer at the topis indicated at 23, the mixture of coal and limestone at 24,-and theashesat 25, on top of the grate, in the zone between the coke and ashes,the coal will be distilled, with the production of coke, and the gasesthus obtained will be increased and'cnriched by the crackinginto gasesof the tarry and oily constituents of the coal contacting with themyriads oi incandescent; particles of" imestone,

The limestone is not reduced-to lime to any material extent during thedistilling sta ,e, owing to the reducing atmosphere in which. thereaction occurs. After the conclusion of the distilling operation,acetylene will be injected by steam through the mass of incandescentmaterial Within the pro-- ducer; The reaction between the steam and oithenasce'nt hydrogen, The said gases or gaseousrnisture may be conductedby the I fine 3 to the hydraulic main, purifiers, scrubbers, enrichersand. holders (not shown) with which gas plants are usually provided;Furthermore, the yield of gas is'greater than obtainable heretofore bythe distillation of an equal quantity of coal, while no tars or oils arecollected in the gas main or in the hydraulic main.

If necessary, air will be admitted to the coal-limestone.miriture fromtime to time in order to maintain the same at incandescence The mass ofcoke 23 serves as a filter by means of which dust is intercepted as thegases pass therethrough to the flue If necessary, fresh coho, eithercold orincan descent, may be introduced from time to time through theconnection i in order to insure the presence of a mass suflicient for'he purpose of intercepting the dust and of fullyconverting thepartially formed gases contacting therewith c Having thus described myinvention,

' what I claim is 1. The process of making gas which. comprisesdistilling a mixture'ot' bituminous coal with, calcium carbonate,supplying ace'ylcn'e and steam to the incandescent residue, andconducting the evolved gases or insures gaseous mixture through a massof incandescent carbonaceous material.

2. The process of making gas which com prises distilling a mixture ofdistillable carbonaceous material with a substance capable of convertingthe tarry and oily constituents oil such. material into gas andsupplying acetylene and steam to the incandescent residue,

3. The process of making gas which com.-

rises distilling a mixture of distillable caronaccous material with asubstance capable luring such distillation of converting the tarry andoily constituents of such material into gas, and conducting through theincandescent residue acetylene and water.

4-, The process oi making gas which comprises distilling a mixture ofdistillable carbonaceous material with a substance capable of convertingthe tarry and oily constituents of such material into gas, sup plyingthrough the incandescent. residue acetylene and steam, and conductingthe evolved gases or gaseous mixture through mass of incandescent 'inaterial;

5, The process of producing gas which. comprises distilling amixture-of. bituminous coal and calcium carbonate, and subjecting theincandescent residue to the action of acetylene and Water, f

6. The process of making gas which coinprises distilling a mixtureof'approxiinately 68 parts by Weight of finely divided lJllIliHll' nouscoal With approximately 40 parts by Weight of calcium carbonate andsubjecting ti 5; incandescent residue to the action of acetylene andsteam, v

"if. The process or" makinggas which comprises distilling a mixture ofdistillalole car- "bonaccous material with a substance canablc ofconverting the tarry and oily constituents of such material into gas,and. subjecting the incandescent residue to "the action or" acetyleneand Water, A

The process oi making gas Which co1nprises distilling a mixture ofapproximately parts by Weight of finely divided bituminous coal withapproximately 40 parts by weight oi calcium carbonate, conducting.through the incandescent residue acetyleneand steam, and conducting theevolved or gaseous mixture through a mass of incandescent carbonaceousmaterial.

lln tee imcny whereof, I hereunto aii'ii: my signature JAMES HENRY RElD.

